Which of the following statements is true regarding the ecosystem?

The statement that ecosystems are a complex network of biotic and abiotic interactions is accurate because ecosystems encompass all living organisms (biotic factors) as well as the physical environment (abiotic factors) in which they interact. This includes the relationships and interactions between plants, animals, fungi, microbes, and elements such as water, soil, and sunlight. These components work together to create a balanced system where energy flow and nutrient cycling occur, enabling life to thrive.

In ecosystems, biotic interactions include predator-prey relationships, plant-pollinator relationships, and the symbiotic associations among various organisms. At the same time, abiotic elements like climate, temperature, and mineral content play a crucial role in shaping these interactions and determining the habitat's overall health and functionality. Therefore, the interconnectedness of living and non-living components is essential to understanding how ecosystems operate, thrive, and respond to environmental changes.