What characterizes energy security?

Energy security is characterized by the reliable availability of energy at affordable prices, which is crucial for both economic stability and social well-being. Energy security encompasses not just the existence of energy resources but also their accessibility, reliability, and affordability. A secure energy supply means that individuals, businesses, and governments can depend on a steady flow of energy to meet their needs without interruptions or extreme fluctuations in prices.

The focus on affordability is particularly important as it affects economic growth and the standard of living. When energy is available at reasonable prices, it supports industries, transportation, and everyday life. Therefore, the ability to access energy consistently and at reasonable costs ensures that societies can function smoothly and develop sustainably.

Options reflecting unstable energy prices, exclusive reliance on renewable sources, or dependence only on fossil fuels do not align with the concept of energy security. These factors can lead to vulnerabilities in energy supply and economic instability. Hence, the definition of energy security is best captured by the idea of reliable energy availability at affordable prices.